Entrepreneurship can take a variety of forms and a number of researchers have suggested that it is important to recognize different “types” of entrepreneurship when analyzing issues such as the characteristics of entrepreneurs, their motives for choosing entrepreneurship and the contributions of their entrepreneurial activities...
Many commentators, beginning with Schumpeter, have argued that entrepreneurship is crucial for understanding economic development.[1] Acs and Virgill noted that “[t]he empirical evidence is . . . strong in support of a link between entrepreneurship and economic growth” and that [s]tudies have found that regional...
Dyllick and Hockerts observed that as sustainability became a more mainstream concept for businesses, the main focus of corporate leaders and academics was on the “business case” for sustainable development, which involved demonstrating how companies could further economic sustainability by increasing their ecological and social...
Bell and Stellingwerf noted that a variety of terms have been used to describe “entrepreneurship behavior conducted through an environmental lens” including eco-entrepreneurship, environmental entrepreneurship, Enviropreneurship, green entrepreneurship and green–green businesses.[1] They preferred “ecopreneurship” and included the following examples of definitions and conceptualizations of that...
Few topics in the business area have attracted more attention among academics and journalists than “entrepreneurship”. From an economic perspective, “entrepreneurship” is generally conceptualized as the creation of a new business and the bearing of the risk associated with that business in exchange for profits...
In many ways, the definition of sustainable development proposed by the Brundtland Commission was vague and ambiguous; however, commentators eventually began to focus on what became known as the three pillars, or dimensions, of sustainable development: environmental protection, economic development and social equity.[1] Many of...
In the 1990s, Elkington proposed a framework for measuring and quantifying an organization’s economic activities that had a direct impact on society and the environment, thus moving beyond traditional performance measures such as profit, return on investment and shareholder value to incorporate creation of social...
Gibbs noted that the interplay between external factors and the personal motivations of ecopreneurs had been used to suggest various typologies of ecopreneurs.[1] The typology proposed by Walley and Taylor was based on two axes: structural influences and personal orientation/motivation. The structural dimension ranged from...
According to Montiel, interest in corporate sustainability surged after the United Nations World Economic and Development Commission popularized the term “sustainable development” in its famous 1987 “Brundtland Report” and researchers began to adapt the concept to companies by declaring that they could pursue sustainability by...
Sustainability is often associated with the concept of “sustainable development”. One of the first, and still among the most commonly cited, definitions of “sustainable development” was proposed in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development of the United Nations (generally referred to simply...